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The Polish alphabet is the script of the Polish language. It was one of the few Latin-character Slavic languages that did not adopt a version of the Czech orthography.
It is based on the Latin alphabet but uses diacritics such as:

kreska, which is graphically similar to acute accent (for example: ź, ś),
kropka (superior dot) (ż) and
ogonek (ą, ę).

The standard character encoding for the Polish alphabet is ISO 8859-2 (Latin-2), although both ISO-8859-13 and ISO-8859-16 encodings include glyphs of the Polish alphabet.

There are 32 letters in the Polish alphabet, including 9 vowels and 23 consonants.

Upper case	HTML code	Lower case	HTML code	Usual phonetic value	Other phonetic values
A		a		[a]
Ą	Ą	ą	ą	[ɔɰ̃]	[ɔ], [ɔm], [ɔn], [ɔŋ], [ɔɲ], [ɔj̃]
B		b		[b]	[p]
C		c		[ʦ]	[ʣ], [ʨ]
Ć	Ć	ć	ć	[ʨ]	[ʥ]
D		d		[d]	[t]
E		e		[ɛ]	[e] after palatalized consonants
Ę	Ę	ę	ę	[ɛɰ̃]	[ɛ], [ɛm], [ɛn], [ɛŋ], [ɛɲ], [ɛj̃]
F		f		[f]	[v]
G		g		[g]	[k]
H		h		[x]	[ɣ]
I		i		[i]	[i̯], mute (softens preceding consonant)
J		j		[j]
K		k		[k]	[g]
L		l		[l]
Ł	Ł	ł	ł	[w]	[ɫ] in older pronunciation and eastern dialects
M		m		[m]
N		n		[n]	[ŋ], [ɲ]
Ń	Ń	ń	ń	[ɲ]
O		o		[ɔ]
Ó	Ó	ó	ó	[u]
P		p		[p]	[b]
R		r		[r]
S		s		[s]	[z], [ɕ]
Ś	Ś	ś	ś	[ɕ]	[ʑ]
T		t		[t]	[d]
U		u		[u]	[u̯]
W		w		[v]	[f]
Y		y		[ɨ]
Z		z		[z]	[s], [ʑ]
Ź	Ź	ź	ź	[ʑ]	[ɕ]
Ż	Ż	ż	ż	[ʐ]	[ʂ]

Note that Polish [ʂ], [ʐ], [t͡ʂ], [d͡ʐ] are laminal postalveolar and may perhaps be most accurately transcribed using the IPA retracted diacritic as [s̠], [z̠], [t͡s̠], [d͡z̠] respectively. Also note that Polish ń (transcribed here [ɲ]) is not palatal; it has the same articulation place as [ɕ] or [ʑ]. However, as the IPA does not have a symbol for a nasal alveolo-palatal consonant, it would perhaps be more accurately transcribed as [nʲ].

Polish orthography also includes seven digraphs:

Capitalized	HTML code	Lower case	HTML code	Usual phonetic value	Other phonetic values
Ch		ch		[x]	[ɣ]
Cz		cz		[t͡ʂ]	[d͡ʐ]
Dz		dz		[ʣ]	[ʦ], [ʥ], [d-z]
Dź	DŹ	dź	dź	[ʥ]	[ʨ], [d-ʑ]
Dż	DŻ	dż	dż	[d͡ʐ]	[t͡ʂ], [d-ʐ]
Rz		rz		[ʐ]	[ʂ], [r-z]
Sz		sz		[ʂ]	[ʐ]

Note that although the Polish orthography is mostly phonetic-morphological, some sounds may be written in more than one way:

• [x] as either h or ch
• [ʐ] as either ż or rz (though rż denotes a [r-ʐ] cluster)
• [u] as either u or ó
• soft consonants are spelt either ć, dź, ń, ś, ź, or ci, dzi, ni, si, zi (the difference is purely orthographic: ć, ń etc. are spelt before a consonant or word-finally while ci, ni etc. are spelt before a vowel; simple c, dz, n, s, z are spelt before i.)

Two consonants rz are very rarely read as "r z", not [ʐ], as in words "zamarzać" (to get frozen), "marznąć" (to feel cold) or in the name "Tarzan".

The pronunciation of geminates (doubled consonants) in Polish is clearly prolonged, as in Italian. For example, the word panna (young lady) is not pronounced the same as pana (man's). When pronouncing a word slowly and carefully, Polish speakers articulate and release each of the two consonants separately. The prolongation is therefore rather a repetition of the consonant. Thus, panna should be pronounced pan-na, with two n. This includes not only native Polish words (like panna or oddech), but also loan-words (lasso, attyka). In Polish, geminates may appear in the beginning of a word, as in czczenie (worshipping), dżdżownica (earth-worm), ssak (mammal), wwóz (importation), zstąpić (to descend; to step down), and zza (from behind; from beyond).